写演讲稿时要问自己的四件事 | 4 Things to Ask Yourself While Writing a Speech

试想一下，你很快就要上台演讲了。无论是工作展示、新书推介还是作为你所在行业的会议主讲人，一场引人入胜的演讲都应该包含以下所有方面，它应该具有教育意义，并且实事求是、出其不意，令人感同身受而富有智慧。如此看来，还真是有许多元素都该打包进去。

爱因斯坦有句名言：“如果现在给我一个小时去解决一个问题，若未能解决，我的生命便会被夺去。那么, 我将花前面的55分钟决定我该问什么……一旦我提出了合适的问题, 我就可以在五分钟不到的时间内解决它。”

其实写演讲稿也差不多。如果你清楚自己想知道什么 - 或者听众想知道什么 - 你就能在演讲台上滔滔不绝，轻松自如。所以，在写演讲稿的时候，你可以问自己以下四个提问，帮助你发现你最需要说的话。

So, you’re about to take a stage soon. Whether it be for a work presentation, a book tour, or as the keynote speaker for a conference in your industry, and engaging talk should hit on all the right components. It should be educational, honest, surprising, vulnerable, and witty. Whew! That’s a lot to pack in.

Albert Einstein famously said, “If I had an hour to solve a problem and my life depended on the solution, I would spend the first 55 minutes determining the proper question to ask … for once I know the proper question, I could solve the problem in less than five minutes.”

Writing a speech is somewhat the same. If you know what it is you’re asking of yourself — or that which the audience is asking of you — the speech will roll off your tongue easily. So, here are four questions to ask yourself as you write your speech to help you uncover what you most need to say.

第一个问题大概最为重要，但是也最为沉重的。首先，问问你自己，你做这个演讲是为了教学，激励，还是说服他人？或者说，三者都占据了一些？这里分享给大家一个小技巧，那就是想象一下演讲过后，你会希望你的听众如何与他的朋友谈论你的发言。从所学、所感之中，他们会分享些什么？

如果要考虑这方面的问题，最好的方法是通过“对我来说有什么好处？”(WIIFM）原则。威廉·科尔 - 著名的演讲者、教练以及顾问，他曾经写道，“人们只对影响他们的东西感兴趣。所以在写完任何一篇文章后，无论你写得多么精彩，你都需要运用WIIFM原则来判断你的读者是否在意它，并将其运用于生活。”

若将这此原则运用于演讲，那就是说听众希望获得一些能够迅速运用到实际的东西。那么，你希望这东西是什么呢？

The first question is likely the most important, but it’s also loaded. Are you getting up on that stage to teach, to motivate, or to persuade? Perhaps a bit of all three? A good trick here is to imagine what you want an audience member to say after your talk when they’re calling a friend. What do they share that they just learned or got from it?

The best way to begin this consideration is through the “What’s in it for me?” (WIIFM) principle. William B. Cole, a speaker, trainer, and consultant, wrote that “People are really only interested in material that affects them. After writing any piece of material, no matter how brilliant, apply the WIIFM principle and judge if your audience will care about it and use it.”

In other words, they need to walk away with something that they will put into practice as soon as possible. What do you want this to be?

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